Moving-picture machine



Sept. 4, 1923. I 1,466,750

E. PETERSON MQVING PICTURE MACHINE Filed July 17 l 4 Sheets-Shut i INVENTOR.

% VA TTORNEYS 4 Sheets-Shut 2 FlLM Filed July 17 T M E E PETERSON MOVING PICTURE MACHINE T I M E 4 WA TTORNEYS Sept 4, 1923 Sept. 4, 1923.

E. PETERSON MOVING PICTURE MACHINE Filed July 1'7 1920 4 Sheets-Shut 3 rl IL UDRTUUD K a UJn m n M IN VEN TOR.

M ATTORNEYS Sept. 4, 1923. 1,466,750

E. PETERSON MOVING PICTURE MACHINE Filed July 17 1920 4 Sheets-Shut 4 INVEN TOR.

x ATTORNEYS Patented Sept. 4; 1923.

PATENT .oFi-icE.

EUGENE r's'raasom'orj new YORK, N. Y.

movmo-nc'rnan macnnm.

Application filed min,

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known thatI, EUGENE Pmsnsom'a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the countyand State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a' Moving-Picture Machine. of which the following is a specification.

My invention more particularly relates to a method of and apparatus for producing a sound record on a film at the-same time that the pictures are produced on the film, and for reproducing the sounds therefrom.

In accordance with my invention the sound record {preferably corresponds, in respect to thelength of the film, with the film pictures, so that the sound is produced and reproduced in harmony with the pictures.

My invention will best be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a view illustrating diagrammatically a movin picture machine em'b odying one form 0 my invention; Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating means for producing a sound record on the magnetic strip or band carried by the film; Fig. 3 is a view illustrating dia ramma'tically a means for transferring -t e sound record from the negative film to the positive film; Fig. 4 is a side View, partially in section, illustrating mechanism for producing an intermittent .movement of the film in the machine, and for moving the sound recording device relatively to the film; Fig. 5 is a perspective view illustrating mechanism for moving the recording or reproducing magnet in front of the sound record, and in such a way as to produce substantially uniform relative movement between the magnet and the sound record; Fig. 6 is an end view of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 4; Fig. 7 is a detail view illustrating a section of the film having a strip or band of magnetic material embedded therein; Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 are cross-sectional views of a film illustrating various modes of securing or embedding the strip or band of magnetic material within the film; Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the means for reproducing the sound from a sound record on the film,- and 1920. Serial No. 396,908.

Figs. and 14 illustrate curves, by means I of WhlCh a groove or cam is determined for producing the desired movementof the.

recording or receiving magnet.

Like reference characters indicate like parts in the various views.

Referring now to the drawings, and first.

to Figs. 1 and 7, 15 is a film which mayrepresent a sensitized film on which a series of pictures are to be taken and provided with a sound recording strip or band on which a sound record is to be produced,

or it may represent a film on which a series of such pictures have been taken, and provided with a sound record on which the desired sounds have been recorded. In the present 1 case I have shown the. film passin through a machine in Which the ictures an 7 sounds are being reproduced. T e film 15 is wound on a storin reel 16 in the usualmanner from which it is passed over toothed wheels 17 and through the film gate 18 of the machine, over the toothed wheels 19 and to "v through the film gate and through a suitable lens B, as indicated by dotted lines.

In accordance with my invention, a sound record is attached to, and preferably embedded directly within the film. The sound record consists of a band or strip of mag- I netic material which may or may not be physically continuous. In the form of my invention illustrated in Figs. 7 and 9, they strip of magnetic material consists of a flat strip 23 of steel, or other similar magnetic material which is capable of permanent magnetization and on which a sound record may be produced when the sameis caused to pass adjacent to a suitable magnetic field,

in thesame. manner .as in the case of the telegraphone. The sound record is placed on the record where it comes without the region of the picturesof the film and refsv erably near the margin without one o the In the embodiment of my 30 7 rows of feed. ogenings 21. In. the form shown in Figs. and 9, the .film" may be formed directly around the'strip of magnetic material during the. process of manufacture.

Inasmuch as the movement of the film through a moving picture machine past the.

point where the photographs are taken, is

intermittent, and the sounds produced by the 1 sound record must be continuous, it is necessary either to reproduce the sound record at [a part of the film removed from the point where the pictures are taken and where the movement of the same is continuous, or else -move the reproduclng device with reference to the film. v

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Fig. 1, the sound reproducing mechanism comprising the magnet 24 having a magnetic field disposed adjacent the sound record of the film is located at a place where the film moves continuously, and in the present case between the storing reel 16 and the toothed Wheels 17. The recording -magnet 24 is provided with pole pieces 25,

whichare located on either side of the strip of magnetic material carried by the film. The magnet 24 is included in a circuit including one or more transmitters 26, as illustrated in Fig. 2, a battery 27, and an amplifier 28, so that when a sound, such as that of the human voice, is produced in the transmitter, the intensity of the magnetic field of the magnet 25 is corres ondingly varied, and the magnet correspon ingly magnetizes the magnetic strip; of material carried by the fllm with varying intensities.

when it is torn, and in accordance with this,-

the preferred form of my invention, the corresponding part of the sound record would at the same time be removed.

Referring now to Figs..4, 5 and 6, 29 is a shaft having its bearings in the frame 30, and which may be rotated by a manually operated crank in the usual manner. I have here illustrated a known mechanism for producing intermittent movement of the film by a continuous movement of the operating shaft. Inthe form illustrated, a head 31, which may be, in general, in the form of a disc, 'ismounted on the iimer end of the shaft 29, and intermittently rotates a head 32 secured on a shaft 33 having its bearings in the frame of the machine. The head 31 is formed at its outer edge and at its inner face with a locking ring 31, within which is formedtwo cam grooves 34 and 35, as best shown in Fig. 6, between which cam.

grooves is disposed a diamond-shaped boss 36, the face of which is flush with the face of the lockin ring 31. The head 32 is pro vided with our pins 37 38, 39 and 40 ar ranged in the form of a cross, or a square, as best shown in Fig. 6, the pins being so arranged as to closely engage the locking ring 31, two on the inner face thereof, and two on the outer face, as shown in Fig. 6. When the head 31 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 6, the cam groove 34 engages pin 40, and the pin 38 engages in the groove 35, so that the pin 40 moves to the outer side of the locking ring,

and the pin 38 tothe inner side, resulting in a rotary movement of 90 of the pin head 7 32 for each rotation of the head 31.-

In the form of my invention here illus- I trated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, the recording magnet 24 is moved in front of the recording strip in such a way as to maintain substantially uniform relative movement between the two.' The magnet 24 is carried by a guide bar or rod 41, which has its bearings in and isguide d by. a bearing 42 secured to the frame of the machine. The lower end of the bar 41 carries a collar 43, to which is secured a pin 44' Which engagesa cam. groove 45 formed in a cylinder 46. The cylinder is mounted on a shaft 47 having itsbearings at 48 in the frame of the machine. A bevelled gear 49 is secured to the shaft 47 above the cylinder and is engaged by a bevel 50 secured on the end of a shaft 51 having its bearings at 52 in a .bracket 52 in the frame of the machine. The shaft 51, and in turn the cylinder 46, are rotated by gears 53 and 54 secured on the operating shaft 29 and on the shaft 51, respectively, so that the cylinder 46 is rotated uniformly, when the shaft 29 is rotated uniformly, as is done in practice. Suitable connections are pro vided for producing auniform rotation of the shaft 55 and the toothed wheel 17 from the shaft 51, the connections here illustrated comprising spira-l'gears 56 and 57,- and a bar or rod 58 provided with suitable gears for engaging the spiral gears.

I have illustrated in'Figs. 13 and 14, by suitable curves, the manner in which I determine the form of curve for the cam groove which moves the magnet 24 longitudinally. For the purpose of plotting the curves, I have assumed measurements that usually obtain in moving picture machines. In such machines sixteen pictures are commonly taken per second; individual pictures being inch long; the average film speed, therefore, being 1.2 inches per second. I have also assumed that' the picture is exposed three- I quarters of the time and moved the remaining one-quarter of the time. In Fig. 14, 59 represents the timedisplacement curve for the film, the abscissa representing time and the ordinate displacement. From the .locity equals, the average rate of the filmtime-displacement" curve t! film, the

velocity curve of the film, indicated in Fig. 13, may be plotted from the formula A p e a small p of the c r which-issuitablyembedded in the strip.

the formillustrated'inFig. 11, the str1p23 it displacement V6 00 y time magnet at every instant moves relatively to the film.with constantvelocity, and this vetravel-namely, 12 inches per second-the velocity curve 61 of the magnet may be plotted 12 inches per second below the'film velocity curve. The positive directionof the motion is arbitrarily taken as downward. Now,

from the velocity time curve of the magnet,

the corresponding displacement curve of the magnet may be plotted, as indicated in Fig. 14, from the above formula which transposed becomes: displacement velocity X t im e The curve 62 represents, developed, the curve which the cam 45 on the cylinder, 46 must have in order to cause the magnet 24: to move before the magnetic strip with a uniform relative movement thereto.

In Fig. 3 I have illustrated a suitable device for transferring the sound record from the negative film to the positive film. The

negative film 15 having the sound record thereon is passed, together with the positive film 63 on which the record is to be reproduced, over toothed rollers 64: and 65, and suitable rollers 66 in the bath 67, the negative film 15 passing adjacent a reproducing magnet 68 included in a circuit 69 having a battery 70 and an amplifier 71 and a recording magnet 72 which correspondingly pro duces the sound record onthe magnetic strip of the positive film 63.

In Fig. 12 I have shown diagrammatically a device by which the sounds which pro duced the recordmay be reproduced. The sound record of the film 15 is passed adjacent to a polepiece of a reproducing magnet 73 included in a circuit 74 having a battery 7 5 and, if desired, an amplifier 76 of known construction, the circuit also including any desired number of receivers 77 located at in l desired points. It will be seen, therefore, that in the case of either the sound-record device or the sound reproducing device, a sound device, the transmitter in the case of Fig. 2 and the receiver in the caseof Fig. 12 is operably associated with the magnetic field, and while I have shown a slightly. different form of device for producing the magnetic field in the case of the receiver from that which is used in the case ofathe transmitter, it will be understood that'- the same device may in each case be used. I

In Figs. 8, 10 and 11 I have illustrated modified arrangement of securing the magnetic strip to the film. In Fig.8, the strip 23 which is continuous, is cemented, or otherwise secured, in a corresponding recess Now; since the In Fig.

10,4:he st ip 23'' as is. the' -case in Figs-8,9 and 11, but is formediof iron filings, orhimilar materig'l, I n

' cess formed in the edge of the strip. While I have illustrated my invention in a machinefor exhibiting picturesfrom' a film, and reproducing sounds from a'record, it will, of 1 course, be understood thatit is equally applicable to the production of pictures and sounds on the film andthe' sound record respectively, and that these operations mayin fact be carried out in the machine illustrated.

Itnwill, of course, be understood that the magnetic sound record strip is shielded from stray magnetic fields by metal shields, preferably of soft iron. As the construction of such shields is well understoddin the art, I have, for the sake of clearness, omitted the same in the drawings.

What I claim and. desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. The improvement in the method of operating a moving picture machine in which a sound strip carried by a picture film is moved intermittently through the machine, and in which a member for variably magnetizing. said strip or variably magnetized thereby is located adjacent to'an intermittently moved part ofthe film and operatively related thereto, which consists in moving said member to producing substantially uniform relative motion between an intermittentl moved part of said strip and said niem er.

2. The improvement in that method of recording sounds upon a sound record carried by a picture film which is moved intermittentlythrough the machine adjacent to a magnetizing member, which consists in moving the sound producing device to produce substantially uniform relative movement between the sound v and an intermittently moved part of the sound record.

3. In a. moving picture machine, means for intermittently feeding a film provided producing device with a strip of magnetic material embedded termittently moved part of the film, and

means for producing substantially uniform relative movement between said instrument and said sound'strip.

- 5. In a moving picture machine, means adapted to feed intermittently a film provided with a sound record through the film gate, a device for variably magnetizing the.

sound record, and comprising an instrument located adjacent said sound record and at an intermittently moved part thereof, and means comprising a cam groove adapted to move said instrument to produce substantially uniform relative movement between said instrument and the sound record.

6. In a moving picture machine, means adapted to feed intermittently a film provided with a sound strip through the machine, a member located adjapent to an intermittently-moved part of the film and operatively related thereto, and means for moving said member to moved partrof, said strip and operatively related thereto magnetically, and means for producing substantially uniform relative motion between said member and an intermittently moved part of said strip.

8. An apparatus for producing sounds in synchronism with photographic views comprising means for moving a film carrying a strip of magnetizable material intermittently through a device, a magnetic field disposed adjacent the positionoccupied by said strip when the filmis moved through the device, and means for producing uniform relative movement between said field and an intermittently moved part of said strip.

9. An apparatus for producing sounds in synchronism with photographic views comprising means for moving a filmcarrying a strip of magnetizable material intermittently through a device, a magnetic field disposed adjacent the position occupied by said strip when the film is moved through the device, a sound device operably associated with said magnetic field, and means for producing uniform relativemovement between said field and an intermittently moved part of said strip.

EUGENE PETERSON. 

